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The Calusa Indians were coastal people who ate mostly fish, oysters, and other seafood. Hunters also shot birds and small game.
The Calusa also journeyed to Cuba and other Caribbean islands, trading in fish, skins, and amber. During the 16th century they defended their shores from a succession of Spanish explorers.
The Calusa (/kəˈluːsə/ kə-LOO-sə) were a Native American people of Florida’s southwest coast. Calusa society developed from that of archaic peoples of the Everglades region. At the time of European contact in the 16th and 17th centuries, the historic Calusa were the people of the Caloosahatchee culture.
Caloosa
By the end of the French and Indian war and the acquisition of Florida by Britain in 1763 there were perhaps 125 remaining. This last remnant either migrated with the Spanish colonists to Cuba or were absorbed into the Seminole population. They are now considered an extinct tribe.
Tocobaga Indians
The various cultures collectively termed “Mound Builders” were prehistoric, indigenous inhabitants of North America who, during a 5,000-year period, constructed various styles of earthen mounds for religious, ceremonial, burial, and elite residential purposes.
Some evidence suggests that, while Mocoso was in the Safety Harbor Culture area together with Ucita and Tocobaga, the Mocoso people spoke a different language, possibly “Timucua” in origin. Tocobaga (occasionally Tocopaca) was the name of a chiefdom, its chief, and its principal town during the 16th century.
Letchworth-Love Mounds Archaeological State Park ~ This archaeological site is Florida’s tallest Native American ceremonial mound which was built between 1100 and 1800 years ago. The mound is 46 feet in height.
Adena and Hopewell culture burial mounds
Mound | Location | Culture |
---|---|---|
Indian Mounds Regional Park | Saint Paul, Minnesota | Hopewell and Dakota cultures |
Miamisburg Mound | Miamisburg, Ohio | Adena culture |
Mound City | Chillicothe, Ohio | Ohio Hopewell culture |
Pinson Mounds Mounds 6, 12, and 31 | Madison County, Tennessee | Miller culture |
When Aboriginal people had visited a certain area, they sometimes intentionally left the waste remains of the food they had consumed as the top layer of the midden pile so that the next people to visit could see what had just been harvested and would choose something else to eat so they didn’t over-use the resource.
The word “midden” is still in everyday use in Scotland and has come by extension to refer to anything that is a mess, a muddle, or chaos. The word is used by farmers in Britain to describe the place where farm yard manure from cows or other animals is collected.
In the episode Untimely Resurrection Jamie called Murtagh a right clarty midden, meaning he was a dirty heap of man really. In Murtagh’s defense he’s just been tailing St. Harsh Jamie.
: bedaubed with sticky dirt : dirty, muddy also : sticky, gooey.