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Rizal, known as the pride of the Malay race, was a Chinese mestizo, having been descended from a pure Chinese ancestor and a long line of Chinese mestizos and Chinese mestizas (80).
Despite the fact that there existed social tensions between Chinese mestizos and indios, the indios were willing to become a companion of mestizos inquilinos because; The increase in number meant that they had become part of the Filipino society a fete which made the indios were willing to become their companion.
Jose Rizal was from such a family, but his family is an example of the strategizing that goes on in relation to ethnicity: Rizal’s father, Francisco Mercado, had his family’s classification changed from mestizo Chinese to indio. The Chinese, for Rizal, were a distant “other.”
José Rizal, son of a Filipino father and a Chinese mother, came from a wealthy family. Despite his family’s wealth, they suffered discrimination because neither parent was born in the peninsula.
Rizal was able to see the problems generated by historical forces, discern the new social needs, and take active part in meeting these needs. He was just a limited Filipino who loved and served the country through his “ilustrado way.” Before gaining our freedom, we were just “indios,” not even Filipinos.
Their objectives were to fight for the political rights of Filipinos, which were supposed to be the same and non-discriminatory possessed by Spaniards. Also they aimed to secularize the parishes in the Philippines, and to render the Philippines a province that availed itself of equality under the Spanish system.
The Filipino ilustrados, who were not only Indios but also beasts in the eyes of the arrogant Spanish colonizers, did not fight their battles in the Philippines but instead went to Spain to ask for assimilation and cam- paigned to make the Philippines a province of Spain, which would establish equality between the …
Due to the restrictions, the ilustrados, including Rizal, decided to study abroad for them to be on the same level as the proud Spaniards. And the most prominent Ilustrados was Jose Rizal, who inspired the craving for freedom and independence with his novels in Spanish.
Answer: The Spolarium the was painted by Juan Luna, one of the helping hand to rouse the nationalism in our country. It shows us how Filipinos intend to have more patriotic needs in terms of showing affection to our beloved country. This work of art made us realize on how to love our country and put things up together.
During Spain’s rule of the Philippines, the ilustrados belonged to the European- educated middle-class Filipinos. Many of the names we know and remember today in our country belonged to this class: Juan Luna, Graciana Lopez Jaena, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, Felix Resureccion Hidalgo, Antonio Luna, and Mariano Ponce.
Ilustrado
The Propaganda Movement was a cultural organization formed in 1872 by Filipino expatriates in Europe. Composed of the Filipino elite called “ilustrados”, exiled liberals and students attending Europe’s universities gravitated to the movement.
The ilustrados became the new patron of the arts. These events paved the way for the secularization of art in the 19th century. The Spanish friars introduced Western painting in the Philippines to artisans who learned to copy on two-dimensional form from the religious icons that the friars brought from Spain,.
Spanish Influence on Filipino Visual Arts. When the Spaniards arrived in the Philippines in 1521, the colonizers used art as a tool to propagate the Catholic faith through beautiful images. They replaced the arts that were once done in a communal spirit and community setting for rituals.
PHILIPPINE INDIGENOUS ARTS There are 4 prominent forms of art in the Philippines during the pre-colonial period namely: Sculpture/Carving Pottery Weaving Physical Ornaments/ Jewelry These emanate the rich culture of the Filipinos even before the colonization period.
The Philippine visual arts encompass a range of forms developed by Filipinos in. the Ethnic, Spanish, American, and contemporary traditions. In ethnic. communities, pottery, weaving, carving, and metalcraft are made for ritual. purposes or for everyday use.
Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions
What’s more, numerous Filipino artist fuse indigenous society themes into current structures. The visual arts are art forms such as painting, drawing, printmaking, sculpture, ceramics, photography, video, filmmaking, design, crafts, and architecture.
Ivory carving is an art practiced in the Philippines for more than a thousand years, with the oldest known ivory artifact known is the Butuan Ivory Seal, dated 9th–12th century.
Napoleon Abueva